Which butterfly needle size is recоmmended fоr pediаtric venipuncture?
Finаl Exаm Instructiоns The Finаl Exam is an оpen-nоtes, closed-book essay examination. The exam will be administered through Honorlock remote proctoring with a locked browser. Your handwritten spiral notebook is the only resource you may use during the exam. It should contain the literary terms, definitions, observations, comparisons, and direct quotations with textbook page numbers that you have collected throughout the semester. Your essay should demonstrate your understanding of the assigned readings and literary concepts developed throughout the course. Support every major claim with direct quotations from the assigned stories, properly integrated using signal phrases, textbook page-number citations, and your own commentary explaining how each quotation supports your analysis. Essay Prompt Throughout this semester, we have studied literature spanning nearly 170 years, beginning with the Dark Romanticism of Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849) and Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–1864), continuing through Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860–1935) and Flannery O'Connor (1925–1964), and concluding with the contemporary fiction of Margaret Atwood (1939– ), Karen Russell (1981– ), Ray Bradbury (1920–2012), and Zadie Smith (1975– ). Our major literary works have included: Edgar Allan Poe, "The Black Cat" (1843) — Dark Romanticism Nathaniel Hawthorne, "The Birth-Mark" (1843) — Dark Romanticism Charlotte Perkins Gilman, "The Yellow Wallpaper" (1892) — Psychological Gothic Flannery O'Connor, "A Good Man Is Hard to Find" (1953) and "Good Country People" (1955) — Southern Gothic Karen Russell, "St. Lucy's Home for Girls Raised by Wolves" (2006) — neo-Gothic Margaret Atwood, "Lusus Naturae" (2011) — neo-Gothic Ray Bradbury, "The Veldt" (1950) — Science Fiction Zadie Smith, "Meet the President!" (2013) — Science Fiction Along the way, we also learned how Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818) serves as an important bridge between the Gothic tradition and science fiction. Although you will not have access to the assigned Frankenstein article during the exam, your spiral notebook should reflect its central idea: science fiction did not replace the Gothic tradition—it evolved from it by transforming supernatural fears into anxieties about science, technology, and humanity's desire to exceed natural limits. Throughout the semester, we have seen literary genres evolve while continuing to explore many of the same enduring questions about human nature, morality, identity, scientific ambition, social expectations, faith, and the consequences of crossing boundaries. Essay Prompt How have the literary traditions we studied throughout the semester evolved while continuing to explore the same fundamental questions about human nature? In your essay, explain how the Gothic tradition develops across the works we have studied while remaining concerned with humanity's fears, ambitions, moral choices, and attempts to cross natural, psychological, social, and technological boundaries. Develop your own argument rather than simply summarizing the stories. Your thesis should explain what unifies these literary traditions despite the ways they change over time. Suggested Essay Structure You are not required to follow this exact structure. However, if you organize your essay differently, it must still address the same major literary movements, authors, and ideas outlined below. Introduction (4–5 sentences) Introduce the central idea that literary genres evolve while continuing to ask enduring questions about human nature. Briefly explain how the Gothic tradition developed into Dark Romanticism, psychological Gothic, Southern Gothic, neo-Gothic, and science fiction. End with a clear thesis that answers the essay prompt. Body Paragraph 1 (5–6 sentences) Discuss Edgar Allan Poe's "The Black Cat" (1843) and Nathaniel Hawthorne's "The Birth-Mark" (1843). Explain how Dark Romanticism evolved from the original Gothic by shifting emphasis from haunted places and supernatural terror toward guilt, obsession, madness, moral failure, and scientific ambition. You may also explain how Hawthorne anticipates later science fiction through his Frankensteinian concerns with scientific experimentation and the desire to perfect humanity. Include: 2–3 properly integrated quotations from "The Black Cat." 2–3 properly integrated quotations from "The Birth-Mark." Every quotation should include: A signal phrase A parenthetical citation with the textbook page number Commentary explaining how the quotation supports your analysis Body Paragraph 2 (5–6 sentences) Discuss Charlotte Perkins Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper" (1892) and Flannery O'Connor's "A Good Man Is Hard to Find" (1953) and/or "Good Country People" (1955). Explain how these writers continue Gothic traditions while adapting them to different historical, psychological, cultural, and regional contexts. Include: 2–3 properly integrated quotations from Gilman 2–3 properly integrated quotations from one or both O'Connor stories Every quotation should include: A signal phrase A parenthetical citation with the textbook page number Commentary explaining how the quotation supports your analysis Body Paragraph 3 (5–6 sentences) Discuss Karen Russell's "St. Lucy's Home for Girls Raised by Wolves" (2006) and Margaret Atwood's "Lusus Naturae" (2011). Explain how these contemporary stories reinterpret Gothic traditions through what we have referred to in this course as neo-Gothic. Include: 2–3 properly integrated quotations from Russell 2–3 properly integrated quotations from Atwood Every quotation should include: A signal phrase A parenthetical citation with the textbook page number Commentary explaining how the quotation supports your analysis Body Paragraph 4 (5–6 sentences) Discuss Ray Bradbury's "The Veldt" (1950) and Zadie Smith's "Meet the President!" (2013). Explain how science fiction continues many of the Gothic's central concerns by replacing supernatural horror with the anxieties of science and technology. Draw upon the ideas you recorded in your spiral notebook about Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818) and its role in connecting the Gothic tradition to science fiction. Include: 2–3 properly integrated quotations from "The Veldt." 2–3 properly integrated quotations from "Meet the President!" Every quotation should include: A signal phrase A parenthetical citation with the textbook page number Commentary explaining how the quotation supports your analysis Conclusion (4–5 sentences) Return to your thesis. Explain what the literature studied this semester suggests about human nature and why these literary traditions continue to evolve while remaining relevant to new historical periods and new generations of readers. End with a thoughtful concluding insight that connects the past, present, and future of the Gothic tradition. Essay Requirements 800–1,100 words Original title Clear thesis Well-developed paragraphs Formal academic writing Proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation Signal phrases introducing quotations Parenthetical citations with textbook page numbers Commentary following every quotation Literary analysis rather than plot summary Original student voice based on the assigned readings and your own ideas Final Exam Rubric (100 Points) Criteria Points Thesis & Overall Argument – Presents a clear, original thesis that directly answers the prompt and unifies the essay. 15 Literary Analysis – Demonstrates thoughtful analysis of how literary traditions evolve while continuing to explore enduring questions about human nature. Moves beyond plot summary to interpretation. 30 Use of Literary Concepts – Effectively incorporates concepts such as Gothic, Dark Romanticism, psychological Gothic, Southern Gothic, neo-Gothic, science fiction, narration, symbolism, figurative language, characterization, setting, historical context, and authorial context where appropriate. 15 Textual Evidence – Meets all quotation requirements, correctly integrates quotations using signal phrases, textbook page-number citations, and insightful commentary. 20 Organization & Development – Essay is logically organized, fully developed, and uses effective transitions between ideas and literary movements. 10 Student Voice & Writing Quality – Demonstrates authentic student thinking, clear prose, careful editing, and relies on the assigned readings and course concepts rather than AI-generated or outside interpretations. 10