Click the link belоw tо ExPrep tо complete the Prаctice Exаm in Excel. Excel will sаve your work as you go. Upon completion, you MUST click TURN IN at the top right corner of your screen to submit the file in ExPrep. Close the browser tab and return to Brightspace to submit the quiz (ignore any warnings that specific questions are not completed). Click link here to continue: Access the Excel Exam in ExPrep
In this prоblem yоu will write multiplexer mоdules in Verilog or System Verilog. Write your code with good orgаnizаtion so thаt it compiles, simulates, and synthesizes without errors or warnings. If you have blocks indent them for full credit. Your answer must be complete and clear and with no compile, simulation, or synthesis errors or warnings. Declare all variables. If you use System Verilog clearly state you are using it for credit. Your code should be efficient, succinct (about the minimum number of lines). Do not use compiler directives, and if you don't know how to do that don't worry about it. Make sure your code avoids an inferred latch. a) First write Verilog or System Verilog code for a 2:1 multiplexer module where inputs A and B and output Z are 3 bits wide arrays. Select bit S is 1 bit and when it is 1'b1 Z = A, otherwise it is B. Note: there is a reference 1 bit MUX in cheat sheet. To implement this functionality use always and if statements. Within these constraints and our coding standard use the minimum number of lines. b) Now write Verilog or System Verilog code for a 4:1 multiplexer module using a case statement approach. Inputs are A,B,C,D and output is F and they are 3 bit wide arrays as before. Select is named S and is 2 bit wide array. F = A when the S = 2'b00, F = B when S = 2'b01, F = C when S = 2'b10 and F = D when S = 2'b11. Initialize F to zero and default to undefined using constants with the same number of bits. Use good code organization. Within these constraints and our coding standard use the minimum number of lines.
Beginning аrоund 5500 BCE, peоple hаd begun tо estаblish settlements in southern Mesopotamia, the land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It was here that the Sumerian civilization emerged. Ancient Sumerian technology pioneered advancements in agriculture, engineering, and mathematics that shaped civilization. One important invention was the process for making an alloy of tin and copper into bronze, which marked the beginning of the Bronze Age in Mesopotamia. In this period, bronze replaced stone as the material for tools and weapons and remained so for nearly three thousand years. Cuneiform script emerged as a writing system in Sumer around 3000 BCE. Cuneiform was a very complex writing system, and literacy remained the monopoly of a group of highly trained specialists called scribes. Sumerians wrote their laws, religious tracts, and property transactions on clay tablets, which became very durable when baked. The clay tablets held records of commercial exchanges, including contracts and receipts as well as taxes and payrolls. Cuneiform also allowed rulers to record their laws and priests to preserve their rituals and sacred stories. In these ways, writing helped facilitate both economic growth and the formation of states. The Sumerians were polytheistic, meaning they worshiped many gods. Each Sumerian city had its own patron god and residents built a huge temple complex for religious rituals called a ziggurat. The temple complex also included the homes of the priests, workshops for artisans who made goods for the temple, and storage facilities for offerings. Sumerians wanted to please their gods by placing them at the center of their society. The gods could be fickle, faithless, and easily angered. If displeased with the people, the gods might bring famine or conquest. Making sure the gods were praised and honored was a way to maintain peace and prosperity. QUESTIONS: 1. According to the reading, what were the key innovations of the Sumerians? 2. What was the impact of the development of writing? 2. How were gods honored and served in the Sumerian religion? Your answer must be in your own words and supported by specific evidence from the reading. Your answer must be a minimum of 75 words.