Pinyon-juniper woodlands are expanding into the sagebrush steppe. Identify a major driver and describe how it is causing this transition to an alternative ecosystem.

A drug’s tendency to bind to a receptor is called its:

What alpha-2 agonist sedative is commonly administered with an opiate and can cause hypertension, bradycardia, and white mucus membranes initially when administered?

A 66-lb Boxer presents to the clinic with an acute kidney injury subsequent to ethylene glycol toxicosis. For treatment of AKI, fluid therapy is key. However, the patient is oliguric due to kidney injury and is prescribed furosemide (5%) at a constant rate of infusion of 500mcg/kg/hr. On hand, you have 1-L of 0.9% isotonic saline to be administered at a rate of 4ml/kg/hr. How many ml of furosemide will you add to the fluid bag?

Epinephrine (1:10,000) has been prescribed for a 44-lb emergency patient at a dosage of 10mcg/kg. How many milliliters will you draw up?

In which organ does most elimination of drugs occur?

EXTRA CREDIT: Depolarization of cardiac cells is characterized by a rapid influx of [x] ions, a slower influx of [y] ions, and the outflow of [z] ions. (3 points)

A recent graduate veterinary technician is concerned that a sedated patient has a heart rate of 50 beats/min when the heart rate in a dog is normally 60 to 120 beats/min. She also mentions that the blood pressure was initially high but is now normal. You ask her which sedative the veterinarian used and you were not surprised when she told you that the drug used was _________________.

Bupivacaine and mepivacaine are examples of what class of drugs and are commonly used for what purpose?

Which of the following drug classes are known for their antipyretic effects?