In "De-Nаturаlizing the Nоvice: A Critique оf the Theоry of Lаnguage Socialization" Berman & Smith argue for re-situating the category of the novice from "a psychological and/or ontological concept" to "a sociopolitical one" (591). Explain in your own words what this means and what it entails. Use these sub-questions to guide your thinking and writing: What do the authors mean by 'ontological'? If we accept that being a novice is not a psychological and/or ontological concept then why is it important, useful, or, perhaps, necessary to understand it as sociopolitical? What changes about our understanding of the category 'novice' if we reframe it as a social and political phenomenon? You might also want to consider what implications this shift in our understanding of novice can have for research about language acquisition and socialization and/or practices related to language acquisition and socialization. Feel free to include examples or points from other texts we've read this semester. Limit your response to 2-3 paragraphs. Don't worry too much about polishing your writing, just try to make it as intelligible as possible.