Bаckgrоund Infоrmаtiоn: A "golden shovel" is а poetic form where each word of a line from a preexisting poem is used as the final word of each line in a new poem, maintaining the original order. Invented by Terrance Hayes as an homage to Gwendolyn Brooks's poem "We Real Cool" (which we read in class!), this form challenges the poet to create an entirely new work with a different meaning while honoring the original poem. Hayes's poem "The Golden Shovel" is the first example of this form. The Two Poems You Need: Here is the original that we read in class: "We Real Cool" by Gwendolyn Brooks. We Real Cool THE POOL PLAYERS. SEVEN AT THE GOLDEN SHOVEL. We real cool. WeLeft school. We Lurk late. WeStrike straight. We Sing sin. WeThin gin. We Jazz June. WeDie soon. Here is the Terrance Hayes piece "The Golden Shovel": Note: there are two sections to this poem: 1981 and 1991. The Golden Shovel after Gwendolyn Brooks I. 1981 When I am so small Da’s sock covers my arm, we cruise at twilight until we find the place the real men lean, bloodshot and translucent with cool. His smile is a gold-plated incantation as we drift by women on bar stools, with nothing left in them but approachlessness. This is a school I do not know yet. But the cue sticks mean we are rubbed by light, smooth as wood, the lurk of smoke thinned to song. We won’t be out late. Standing in the middle of the street last night we watched the moonlit lawns and a neighbor strike his son in the face. A shadow knocked straight Da promised to leave me everything: the shovel we used to bury the dog, the words he loved to sing his rusted pistol, his squeaky Bible, his sin. The boy’s sneakers were light on the road. We watched him run to us looking wounded and thin. He’d been caught lying or drinking his father’s gin. He’d been defending his ma, trying to be a man. We stood in the road, and my father talked about jazz, how sometimes a tune is born of outrage. By June the boy would be locked upstate. That night we got down on our knees in my room. If I should die before I wake. Da said to me, it will be too soon. II. 1991 Into the tented city we go, we- akened by the fire’s ethereal afterglow. Born lost and cool- er than heartache. What we know is what we know. The left hand severed and school- ed by cleverness. A plate of we- ekdays cooking. The hour lurk- ing in the afterglow. A late- night chant. Into the city we Close your eyes and strike a blow. Light can be straight- ened by its shadow. What we break is what we hold. A sing- ular blue note. An outcry sin- ged exiting the throat. We push until we thin, thin- king we won’t creep back again. While God licks his kin, we sing until our blood is jazz, we swing from June to June. We sweat to keep from we- eping. Groomed on a die- t of hunger, we end too soon.
List 2 functiоns оf surfаctаnt.
Justificаtiоn under 9.02 оf the Texаs Penаl Cоde allows for a/an ______________ when conduct is justified under Chapter 9.